Mechanisms linking the gut microbiome and glucose metabolism
KM Utzschneider, M Kratz, CJ Damman… - The Journal of …, 2016 - academic.oup.com
KM Utzschneider, M Kratz, CJ Damman, M Hullarg
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2016•academic.oup.comContext: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with gastrointestinal dysbiosis involving both
compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiome. Changes in diet and
supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics (ie, fermentable fibers) can induce favorable
changes in gut bacterial species and improve glucose homeostasis. Objective: This paper
will review the data supporting several potential mechanisms whereby gut dysbiosis
contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including microbiota driven increases in systemic …
compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiome. Changes in diet and
supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics (ie, fermentable fibers) can induce favorable
changes in gut bacterial species and improve glucose homeostasis. Objective: This paper
will review the data supporting several potential mechanisms whereby gut dysbiosis
contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including microbiota driven increases in systemic …
Context
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with gastrointestinal dysbiosis involving both compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiome. Changes in diet and supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics (ie, fermentable fibers) can induce favorable changes in gut bacterial species and improve glucose homeostasis.
Objective
This paper will review the data supporting several potential mechanisms whereby gut dysbiosis contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including microbiota driven increases in systemic lipopolysaccharide concentrations, changes in bile acid metabolism, alterations in short chain fatty acid production, alterations in gut hormone secretion, and changes in circulating branched-chain amino acids.
Methods
Data for this review were identified by searching English language references from PubMed and relevant articles.
Conclusions
Understanding the mechanisms linking the gut microbiome to glucose metabolism, and the relevant compositional and functional characteristics of the gut microbiome, will help direct future research to develop more targeted approaches or novel compounds aimed at restoring a more healthy gut microbiome as a new approach to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and related metabolic conditions.
Oxford University Press